Which of the following vehicles are typically exempt from smog certification?

Vehicles that are typically exempt from smog certification include both electric vehicles and those manufactured before 1976. Electric vehicles do not produce emissions that contribute to air pollution, which is the primary concern of smog regulations. As a result, they are exempt from the requirement to obtain a smog certification.

Additionally, vehicles manufactured before 1976 are usually exempt as older cars often have different emissions standards, and the technologies used in those vehicles do not align with more modern testing requirements. This exemption recognizes the unique historical context of these older vehicles and simplifies compliance for owners of classic or vintage cars.

Therefore, the choice that encompasses both electric vehicles and vehicles made before 1976 is the most accurate. In contrast, while newer vehicles generally have more stringent emissions requirements, their exemption status can vary based on local regulations and the timeline of their manufacture, which does not consistently apply to all vehicles within their first five years.